All rights reserved. You can learn more about how we use cookies by visiting our privacy policy page. The current Oba of Benin is Oba Ewuare II and he is the 40th Benin Oba. Oba Gabaro was installed in 1669 after his father death. As he fled Benin City in February 1897, Oba Ovonramwen looked back to see his royal palace in smouldering ruins. They seized intricately carved elephant tusks, brass castings of the heads of monarchs at least 500 years old, and ivory leopards later given to Queen Victoria, all described by previous visitors as displaying truly artistic workmanship. In summary, we use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. History. The Benin palace (eguae) shares many contemporary elements with royal accommodations worldwide: air conditioning, electricity, electronics, and a glamorous new facade-an innovation of the current monarch, Oba Ewuare II. Pressure to return them to Nigeria, building for decades, recently reached a tipping point. While this debate continues to rage, though, the history of the kingdom that produced these exquisite artworks has remained relatively obscure outside the region. Register or login to receive notifications when there's a reply to your comment or update on this information. The original people and founders of the Benin Kingdom, theEdo people, were initially ruled by theOgiso(Kings of the Sky) who called their landIgodomigodo. During the festival, twelve criminals, chosen from a prison where the worst criminals were held, were sacrificed. Benin's kingdom originated in the 900s when the Edo people arrived in West Africa's rainforests. Photos / Ezelekhae Ewuare: The Crown Prince Of Benin Kingdom Unveiled In Edo (Photos) / The Uneme People And The Curse Of Oba Egbeka Of Benin Empire (2) (3) (4), The Eze Nris Of Nri Town / Aro Kingdom Re-brands After 700 Years / Super Bright All In One Integrated Motion Sensor Led Solar Street Light In Niger, Links: (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10). An unknown number of Edo people were killed, six chiefs were hanged in the citys central market and, when the oba returned to surrender in August, he was exiled to Calabar. OldNaija is the home of Nigerian history and cultures with aims of preserving the history and cultures of Nigeria and providing a research and learning opportunity for Nigerians at home and in diaspora. In this webinar, Hether Shulman, Assistant Principal, and Anne Marie Osheyack, High School English Teacher, from Jaffrey-Rindge Cooperative School. Among the artistic techniques cultivated and perfected there was the lost-wax process of casting metal. The Oba of Benin is the traditional ruler and the custodian of the culture of the Edo people and all Edoid people. The period from 900-1200 AD (or CE) saw the Edo people lay the foundations for what would become the African kingdom of Benin in an area located near modern southern Nigeria. The objects were in storage at . BY EMMAN OKUNS. European travellers were duly impressed by the flourishing kingdom and its capital. Why this rebel princess of Zulu Kingdom plotted the killing of her own nephew, Shaka Zulu. It also nods to his hope for the return of the looted Bronzes, which represented his ancestors long heritage and were last seen decorating the royal palace in a burning Benin City more than a century ago. With the expansion of the Atlantic slave trade in the late 17th and 18th centuries, other coastal kingdoms began to overtake Benin, which experienced a slow, sporadic decline in its ability to command the region that had been under its control. This actually made my revered father the 39th Oba of Benin, if the listing is counted from and should be counted from Oromiyan. The title ofObawas adopted inBenin Empireafter theOgisorule ended. And in the early years of the so-called Scramble for Africa, the large-scale land grab by European powers that intensified from the 1880s, the kingdom managed to retain its independence. Why is 1897 AD an important date? Welcome ToFlashlearners:Im Flashisaac; Students Advocate, SEO Expert & A Blogger From The Future. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like -dysfunctional dynasty -800s -their Ogiso dies--> they ask Ife to take them over -*Oramniyan* comes and takes over (becomes first Oba of Benin; foreign ruler), -1200-1897 CE -part of Edo culture (speak Edo language; Edo culture encompasses multiple kingdoms) -primary art types: bronze everything, coral beads, ivory pendant masks . according to Google some of the dates are unconfirmed. All names, acronyms, logos and trademarks displayed on this website are those of their respective owners. The king sent his. The ancient Nigerian kingdom of Benin has crowned a new king to continue a direct lineage of monarchs that have ruled the kingdom for the past 186 years. In times past between 40 BCE and 1100 CE, the rulers of Benin were called Ogiso until Oba Eweka I instituted the Eweka dynasty around 1180 where the kingdom is ruled by the Oba. so that you can track your progress. His successors continued these efforts, similarly recognising the impact of their predecessors. Updated On October 14, 2021 By Flash Isaac. Wow!! The obas of Benin trace their origins to a ruling dynasty that began in the fourteenth century. She was an ordinary trader who sold her wares at the exact point where her statue now stands. As debates rage over the return of the Benin Bronzes to Africa, Bronwen Everill delves into the history of these exquisite artworks and their creators, exploring the flowering of a mighty kingdom and its ruinous defeat by the British. There were two separate annual series of rites that honoured past Obas. It has stood in the same location in Benin City for at least 700 years, though its size has expanded and contracted over time. Cookies are small files that are stored on your browser. Which Europeans country started to trade with Benin in 16th Century? The Kingdom of Benin (also known as the Edo Kingdom, or the Benin Empire) was a kingdom in what is now southern Nigeria. For several centuries, Benin City was governed by an elected oba along with a council of elders. Oba Ewuare II of Benin Kingdom was born on a predicted date 20 th October 1953 to the then Prince Solomon Igbinoghodua Akenzua who later became His Royal Majesty Omo N'Oba Erediauwa, Oba of Benin.. N'Oba Ewuare II served as Nigeria's Ambassador to Angola, Sweden and Italy. For almost 1,900 years, the Binis have practised what we refer to as the monolithic-monarchical system of government. Thick crowds clog the roads in the heart of Benin City in the south of Nigeria, in expectation of the coronation of the new Oba of the centuries-old Benin Kingdom. Post-imperial Obas of Benin since 1914 include Eweka II (1914-1933), Akenzua II (1933-1978),. Formed around the 11th century AD. At its height in the 16th and 17th centuries, Benin was a tributary empire ruling over the western Igbo, eastern Yoruba and coastal Itsekiri, among other peoples, and the major trading power along the Nigerian coast. Altars to the monarchs of the past, buried in the living quarters they once occupied, nonetheless remain the spiritual heart of this royal compound. 4. Frustrated by the obas resistance to British rule, in 1862 Burton disparagingly described Benin City as a place of gratuitous barbarity which stinks of death. Her son, Osawe, was crowned Oba of Benin Kingdom with the title "Esigie" (Oseigie) and he reigned from 1504-1550 A.D.|. Pay Annual Dues. The then Kingdom of Benin has been and continues to be mostly populated by the Edo. This is a lesson from the tutorial, Pre-Colonial Political Systems and you are encouraged to log Over time, the glowing reports by Portuguese and Dutch visitors in the 15th and 16th centuries were replaced by a narrative of a barbaric, violent, pagan, absolutist state whose people needed to be either rescued and civilised under colonial rule or wiped out altogether. Queen IDIA was born in the 15th Century in Uzeghudu (now Edo State) and was married to Oba Ozolua. This multi-stage process had been used in neighbouring Igboland and Yorubaland for several centuries before the golden age of production in Benin. Olaudah Equiano, the renowned British abolitionist born in Igbo territory in the mid-18th century, noted that, though his place of birth was technically a province of the kingdom of Benin, the subjection to the king of Benin was little more than nominal. Especially for the British tyre market. The Portuguese would write this down as Benin City. The return of these items from a variety of collections around the world is gaining momentum. This ivory double bell (Egogo) is one of the oldest surviving African ivory sculptures; only six of these ivory gongs are known. Benins traders purchased manillas brass or copper ingots in the shape of bracelets from the Portuguese for use in casting, and used that copper to create bronze figures of the Portuguese whod supplied the metal. Feel free to let me know how you feel using the comment box and dont fail to share with others using the share buttons. Brutal fighting dragged on for 10 days till, on 21 February 1897, the British prevailed and burned Benin City to the ground. Seizing the excuse for a retaliatory punitive expedition, Sir Harry Rawson, admiral of the British naval station in Lagos, attacked the city with 1,200 Royal Marines. He was coronated as Oba of Benin Kingdom on his 63rd birthday October 20 th 2016 and has since then worked closely . As the capital, Edo had the resources to pay for the supplies and labour that made both monumental architecture and fine artistry possible. Ewuare II. He established a hereditary succession to the throne and vastly expanded the territory of the Benin kingdom, which by the mid-16th century extended from the Niger River delta in the east to what is now Lagos in the west. History of Queen Idia. In the first edition, Egharevba wrote: "Many many years ago, Odua (Oduduwa) of Uhe (Ile-Ife), the father and progenitor of the Yoruba kings sent his eldest son Obagodo - who took the title of Ogiso. Benin steadily expanded into a powerful city state through military campaigns, and trading with the Portuguese and other European nations, establishing themselves as a wealthy nation. However, the Edo people had not forgotten the treasures that had been stolen from them. The Obas used. BBNaija Level Up winner, Phyna, has finally done her homecoming to Edo state capital of Benin after the reality show; The reality star was treated to a warm welcome by residents as she visited the Oba of Benin and the Esama of Benin; The Esama gifted Phyna a bronze head and the BBNaija star also bragged about the lands she had received for farming The kingdom reached its greatest power and size under Oba Ewuare the Great. OGBK is not engaged in, and does not promote violence . This is one of more than 900 plaques that show aspects of the Benin court in the fifteenth to sixteenth centuries following Europe's first contact with West Africa. In the period around 1300C.E. This involved first making a wax model of a sculpture, then creating a clay mould around it and melting the wax inside. Such resources included large elephant tusks. Oba Eweka I, Oranmiyan's son, is said to have ascended to power at some time between 1280 and 1300. You can unsubscribe at any time. Carved with the oba, supported by his military commander and his heir. Rather than continuing to negotiate, and fearing that trade would expose Benin to similar gunboat diplomacy, from the 1860s the oba rejected British attempts to negotiate treaties and extend a protectorate over the kingdom. Oranmiyan was also the founder ofOyo Empirewhere he ruled supreme as the first Aalafin of Oyo and proceeded to ile ife to become the 6th Ooni of ife while his descendants rules in Ile Ife, Oyo and Benin. We use cookies and similar technologies to ensure our website works properly, personalize your browsing experience, analyze how you use our website, and deliver relevant ads to you. The Oba's Palace. Benin was one of the most important historical kingdoms in the western African forest region from the 13th to the 19th centuries. Phillips hoped that sufficient ivory would be found in the kings house to pay the expenses incurred in removing the king. All rights reserved. Soon after his arrival he married a beautiful lady, Erinmwinde, daughter of Ogie-Egor, the ninth Enogie (Duke) of Egor, by whom he had a son. ObaofBenin.com contains all the information you need to know about the Oba of Benin and the edo people, the history of Oba of benin, Benin Empire, the list of the present and past obas of benin, edo language, benin language, Oba Erediawa, the current oba of benin He found Benin City unrecognisable, its palaces and holy places destroyed and replaced with British administration buildings and a new golf course. It should not be confused with the modern-dayRepublic of Benin, formerly theRepublic of Dahomey. Acquisition. Still, externals have . . Coronation day in Benin. In early 2021, the return of Germanys collections of Benin artefacts numbering more than 1,000 was announced, beginning next year. His Royal Majesty Uku Akpolopolo Ewuare II, the Oba of Benin Kingdom, was first scheduled to meet with His Imperial Majesty the Ooni of Ife, the Arole Oduduwa Adeyeye Enitan Ogunwusi II at Oodua . It is said that Oba Ohen was the father of Egbeka,Orobiru,Uwaifiokun and Ewuare the great. THE title of Isekhure of Benin Kingdom according to Benin oral history was created in 1255A A.D. . The Kingdom of Benin fell in 1897, when British forces launched a "punitive expedition" against it. It is always recommended to visit an institution's official website for more information. He was the son of the prince from Ife. Oba Ewuare 1 (1440-1473) is seen by many as one of the greatest Obas of Benin Kingdom Newly crowned 40th Monarch of the Benin kingdom Oba Ewuare II walks to perform a rite during his. The first oba, or king, in Benin was Eweka. What is today known as Beninwas first calledIgodomigodo. Benin and the British were in constant communication. See How To Advertise. In the 15th century, the reign of Ewuare I saw the development of new artistic forms associated with a growing religious reverence for past obas, with statues and plaques honouring deceased obas and iyobas. I therefore stand before you today as the 40th Oba of Benin. Perhaps recalling that forebears influence, the current oba, Ewuare II (crowned 2016), chose a name that reflects his ambition to begin a new artistic and diplomatic golden age for his people. That same account, published in Amsterdam in 1668, said of the royal palace: Every roof is adorned with a small spired tower on which casted copper birds are standing, being very artfully sculpted.. Teslim Opemipo Omipidan is an award winning Nigerian journalist, poet, historian and founder of OldNaija.com. The Oba title was created by Oba Oranmiyan, the first Oba of Benin Empire who is also a grand son of Oduduwa, the first Oni of Ile-Ife. Benin Kingdom annexed by the British Empire in 1897. Dutch reports from the 16th and 17th centuries described Edo (Benin City) as the same size as the city of Haarlem in the Netherlands. Such actions, particularly the annexation of Lagos in 1861, worried Oba Ovonramwens predecessor, Adolo (reigned c184888). The ancient Benin kingdom is known both locally and internationally for its rich history, art, culture and tradition. Benin Kingdom enters a period of decline due to a series of civil wars and the abolition of the slave trade with Europe. The original people and founders of the Benin Kingdom, the Edo people, were initially ruled by the Ogiso (Kings of the Sky) who called . The British approach to the citys wealth had the air of an unplanned bonanza, with a lack of coherent record-keeping of what was taken and where it went. What started as a mission to share educational news has grown into your daily go-to for educational resources for teachers, parents and students. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. There were two separate annual series of rites that honored past Obas. The title of Oba was first created by Oba Eweka I, Benin Empire's first 'Oba', who ascended power between 1180 and 1300. Don't want to keep filling in name and email whenever you want to comment? He expanded the kingdom and improved the capital, present-day Benin City; the city was defined by massive walls. TheKingdom of Benin, also known as theBenin Kingdom, was a pre-colonialkingdom in what is now southernNigeria. Pre-Imperial Obas of Benin (1180-1440) * Eweka I (1180-1246) * Uwuakhuahen (1246-1250) * Henmihen (1250-1260) * Ewedo (1260-1274) * Oguola (1274-1287) * Edoni (1287-1292) * Udagbedo (1292-1329) Between the Ogiso and Oba Dynasties: An Interpretation of Interregnum in the Benin Kingdom - Volume 31 . The Oba of Benin, or Omo N'Oba, is the oba or king of the Edo people or Benin Kingdom, the current capital is Benin City in modern day Nigeria, from 1180 until 1897. They were used by the oba during the Emobo ceremony to drive away evil spirits. Casts of ancestors heads were, therefore, central to religious life in Edo. We're sorry, but in order to log in and use all the features of this website, you will need to enable JavaScript in your browser. . Prince Eheneden Erediawa (Edaiken of Uselu) Eweka I (11801246)
Uwuakhuahen (12461250)
Ehenmihen (12501260)
Ewedo (12601274)
Oguola (12741287)
Edoni (12871292)
Udagbedo (12921329)
Ohen (13291366)
Egbeka (13661397)
Orobiru (13971434)
Uwaifiokun (14341440)
Ewuare (14401473)
Ezoti (14731475)
Olua(14751480)
Ozolua (14801504)
Esigie (15041547)
Orhogbua (15471580)
Ehengbuda (15801602)
Ohuan (16021656)
Ohenzae (16561661)
Akenzae (16611669)
Akengboi (16691675)
Akenkpaye (16751684)
Akengbedo (16841689)
Ore-Oghene (16891701)
Ewuakpe (17011712)
Ozuere (17121713)
Akenzua I (17131740)
Eresoyen (17401750)
Akengbuda (17501804)
Obanosa (18041816)
Ogbebo (1816)
Osemwende (18161848)
Adolo (18481888)
Ovonramwen Nogbaisi (18881914)
Eweka II (19141933)
Akenzua II (19331978)
Erediauwa I (1979-2016)
Today we have a new Oba who will reign
meritoriously
His Royal Majesty, Omo N' Oba N' Edo, Uku
Akpolokpolo, Oba Ewuare II Oba of Benin
Ewuare II (2016-)
Oba Gha Tokpere,
Ise! According to oral history, in the late 12th century, elders of the Edo people turned to the great-grandson of the lands previous ruler to found a new dynasty. Trade with Europeans, beginning with the Portuguese in 1472, provided Ewuare I and his successors with access to more metals, as well as weapons that helped them defend their tributary subjects. His reign as Ewuare I (144073) augured the start of a period of artistic flourishing and state reform, as well as the consolidation of the power of the oba. Rumours of human sacrifice and slave trading began to circulate in European newspapers. In my opinion,this should make front page. The twelfth Oba in line, ObaEwuare the Great(14401473) would expand thecity-states territories to surrounding regions.
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