[9] The main population of Kucha was Indo-European, part of the ancient population of the Tarim Basin known as Tocharians, and Kuchans spoke an Indo-European language known as Tocharian. Hot desert climates (BWh) are typically found under the subtropical ridge in the lower middle latitudes or the subtropics, often between 20 and 33 north and south latitudes. Since the beginning of the 20 th century, explorers have been discovering the remains of well-preserved mummies near the Tarim Basin in northwestern China. Later, under the Uighur domination, the Kingdom of Kucha gradually became Turkic speaking. Most of these wells are used in aggregation of the cultivated land in the oasis. [28][29][30], A specific style of music developed within the region and "Kuchean" music gained popularity as it spread along the trade lines of the Silk Road. The desert encompasses Imperial County and includes parts of San Diego County, Riverside County, and a small part of San Bernardino County, California, United States.. Caucasoid mask from Lop Nur, China. Despite rainfall totals low enough to normally classify as a desert, polar deserts are distinguished from true deserts (BWh or BWk under the Kppen classification) by low annual temperatures and evapotranspiration.Most polar deserts are covered in ice sheets, ice fields, or Caravans in desert areas such as Africa's Sahara or the dry regions of Central Asia have long depended on such oases for food and water, both for their camels and their drivers, during difficult desert crossings. In this respect it differed from Khotan, a Mahayana-dominated kingdom on the southern side of the desert. There are about one hundred convents in this country, with five thousand and more disciples. Also known as the Taklimakan or Teklimakan, the Taklamakan Desert covers northwest China and is the second largest shifting sand desert with about 85 percent of its area characterized by shifting sand dunes. Candelilla (Euphorbia antisyphilitica), Mimosa zygophylla, Acacia glandulifera and lechuguilla are found in areas with well-draining, shallow soils. Cold desert climates are typically found at higher altitudes than hot desert climates and are usually drier than hot desert climates. To delineate "hot desert climates" from "cold desert climates", there are three widely used isotherms: most commonly[2] a mean annual temperature of 18C (64.4F), or sometimes the coldest month's mean temperature of 0 or 3C (32.0 or 26.6F), so that a location with a BW type climate with the appropriate temperature above whichever isotherm is being used is classified as "hot arid subtype" (BWh), and a location with the appropriate temperature below the given isotherm is classified as "cold arid subtype" (BWk). [12] The Chinese general L Guang was sent with a military force by Emperor Fu Jian (357-385) of the Former Qin Dynasty (351-394). Polar deserts are the regions of Earth that fall under an ice cap climate (EF under the Kppen classification). These locations feature some of the highest annual average temperatures recorded on Earth, exceeding 30C (86F), up to nearly 35C (95F) in Dallol, Ethiopia. The Colorado Desert is a subdivision of the larger Sonoran Desert encompassing approximately 7 million acres (2,800,000 ha; 28,000 km 2). The top 4 are: arid, oasis, sahara and abandon.You can get the definition(s) of a word in the list below by tapping the question-mark icon next to it. The Persian ground jay is a bird species living in some parts of the desert plateaus, along with Hairy bustards, larks and sandgrouse. Whilst this desert can be divided into several different eco-regions, it may be said to consist, generally speaking, mainly of rocky, compact terrain. Gateway to Palm Springs, California as seen from above California State Route 62 in the Sonoran Desert, California. 'Low Plains' in classical Persian, from khwar (low), and dasht (plain, flatland)), also known as Kavir-e Namak (lit. It is in the large Western Desert of Egypt, approximately midway between Dakhla and Bahariya oases. , romanized: Midbar Yehuda, both Desert of Judah or Judaean Desert; Arabic: , lit. , h m l j /; Sanskrit: [malj]; from Sanskrit him 'snow, frost', and -laya 'dwelling, abode'), is a mountain range in Asia, separating the plains of the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau.The range has some of the planet's highest peaks, including the very highest, Mount Everest. Tian Shan range, separates the Dzungarian Basin semi-desert from the Taklamakan Desert, which is a low, sandy desert basin surrounded by the high mountain ranges of the Tibetan Plateau to the south and the Pamirs to the It is this feature of the Gobi Desert that made it easier for trade caravans to travel across the desert, as opposed, for example, to the sandy terrain of the neighboring Taklamakan Desert. The Farafra depression (Arabic: , pronounced [elff]) is a 980 km 2 (380 sq mi) geological depression, the second biggest by size in Western Egypt and the smallest by population, near latitude 27.06 north and longitude 27.97 east. When the mason approached the king to ask for permission to marry the princess, the king was appalled and vehemently against the union. Summer daytime temperatures are some of the hottest in Australia. [6] The average annual temperature in the desert varies from about 13 to 22C (55 to 72F), depending on elevation and latitude. Farafra has an estimated 5,000 inhabitants (2002) mainly living in the town of Farafra and is mostly inhabited by the local Bedouins. , romanized: Midbar Yehuda, both Desert of Judah or Judaean Desert; Arabic: , lit. Kontinentale Binnenwsten und Regenschattenwsten werden von manchen Forschern als auertropische Wsten zusammengefasst. The typically bald, rocky, or sandy surfaces in desert climates are dry and hold little moisture, quickly evaporating the already little rainfall they receive. The Great Basin Desert is part of the Great Basin between the Sierra Nevada and the Wasatch Range.The desert is a geographical region that largely overlaps the Great Basin shrub steppe defined by the World Wildlife Fund, and the Central Basin and Range ecoregion defined by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and United States Geological Survey.It is a temperate desert , h m l j /; Sanskrit: [malj]; from Sanskrit him 'snow, frost', and -laya 'dwelling, abode'), is a mountain range in Asia, separating the plains of the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau.The range has some of the planet's highest peaks, including the very highest, Mount Everest. A massive evaporation rate makes up for the higher than normal desert rainfall. Caravans in desert areas such as Africa's Sahara or the dry regions of Central Asia have long depended on such oases for food and water, both for their camels and their drivers, during difficult desert crossings. The Taklamakan Desert has an area of 337,000 km 2 (130,000 sq mi), making it slightly smaller than Germany. The extensive ruins of the ancient capital and temple of Subashi (Chinese Qiuci), which was abandoned in the 13th century, lie 20 kilometres (12mi) north of modern Kucha. ), and barreta (Helietta parvifolia), while the well-developed herbaceous layer includes grasses, legumes, and cacti. Shabpareh Publishing Institute. The desert is part of the Tarim Basin, which is 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) long and 400 kilometres (250 mi) wide.It is crossed at its northern and at its southern edge by two branches of the Silk Road, by which travellers sought to avoid the arid wasteland. It has an area of 260,000 square kilometers (100,000 sq mi). Il testo disponibile secondo la licenza Creative Commons Attribuzione-Condividi allo stesso modo; possono applicarsi condizioni ulteriori.Vedi le condizioni d'uso per i dettagli. Kucha, or Kuche (also: Kuar, Kuchar; Uighur: , ; Chinese: ; pinyin: Qic, Chinese: ; pinyin: Kch; Sanskrit: , romanized: Kcna), was an ancient Buddhist kingdom located on the branch of the Silk Road that ran along the northern edge of what is now the Taklamakan Desert in the Tarim Basin and south of the Muzat River. SidmartinBio", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Desert_climate&oldid=1116118878, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 14 October 2022, at 22:33. The kingdom bordered Aksu and Kashgar to the west and Karasahr and Turpan to the east. [3][4] The Gibson Desert lies to the south and the Tanami Desert lies to the east of the Great Sandy Desert. It has an area of 260,000 square kilometers (100,000 sq mi). For other uses, see, "BWk" redirects here. some of the original inhabitants have returned. Rain usually falls in winter. Die gyptischen Oasen Band 2. The Highlands of Iceland (Icelandic: hlendi [haulnt]) are a sparsely inhabited plateau that covers most of the interior of Iceland.They are situated above 400500 metres (13001600 feet) and are mostly an uninhabitable volcanic desert, because the water precipitating as rain or snow infiltrates so quickly into the ground that it is unavailable for plant growth. This article is about the desert in Iran. [10] Winters are short and warm; temperatures range from 25 to 30C (77 to 86F). [6], The forms Ksn and Ks are attested in the 16thcentury work Tarikh-i-Rashidi. The Himalayas, or Himalaya (/ h m l e. The Namib (/ n m b /; Portuguese: Namibe) is a coastal desert in Southern Africa.The name Namib is of Khoekhoegowab origin and means "vast place". [12] According to the Jinshu, Kucha was highly fortified, had a splendid royal palace, as well as many Buddhist stupas and temples:[26]. The history of toponyms for modern Kucha remain somewhat problematic;[2] however, it is clear that Kucha, Kuchar (in Turkic languages) and Kuch (modern Chinese),[3] correspond to the Kushan of Indic scripts from late antiquity. Bonn 2006. [37], Following its conquest by the Tang dynasty in the 7th century, during Emperor Taizong's campaign against the Western Regions, the city of Kucha was regarded by Han Chinese as one of the Four Garrisons of Anxi: the "Pacified West",[38] or even its capital. Primarily in the Northern and Eastern Hemispheres, it spans from the British Isles and the Iberian Peninsula in the west to the Japanese archipelago and the Russian Far East to the east. Almost 3,000 years ago, at the start of the post-glacial era, the Kavir was a series of vast lakes: the Asian monsoon reached deep into central Iran, bringing heavy summer rain that formed numerous lakes in the closed basins of the central Iranian Plateau that today comprises the Kavir and other deserts in the area. In the case of Central Asia, mountains restrict precipitation from the eastern monsoon. The Arabian Peninsula is located in the continent of Asia and is bounded by (clockwise) the Persian Gulf on the northeast, the Strait of Hormuz and the Gulf of Oman on the east, the Arabian Sea on the southeast, the Gulf of Aden, Guardafui Channel and Somali Sea on the south, the Bab-el-Mandeb Strait on the southwest and the Red Sea, which is located on the southwest and west. Almost all rain comes from monsoon thunderstorms or the occasional tropical cyclone rain depression. The modern Chinese town was about 700 square yards (590m2) with a 25 feet (7.6m) high wall, with no bastions or protection to the gateways, but a ditch about 20 feet (6.1m) deep around it. The undeveloped Kintyre uranium deposit lies south of Telfer. Snow tends to be rare and sporadic in regions with this climate. Other animal inhabitants include bilbies, mulgara, marsupial moles, rufous hare-wallabies, thorny devils, bearded dragons, and red kangaroos. Herbaceous plants, such as bush muhly (Muhlenbergia porteri), blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis), gypsum grama (B. breviseta), and hairy grama (B. hirsuta), are dominant in desert grasslands and near the mountain edges including the Sierra Madre Occidental. Dasht-e Kavir (Persian: , lit. Some of the bird-life found within the desert include the rare Alexandra's parrot, the mulga parrot and the scarlet-chested parrot. It is the second largest desert in Australia after the Great Victoria Desert and encompasses an area of 284,993 square kilometres (110,036sqmi). The Tabernas Desert is defined mainly by a cold semi-arid climate and a cold desert climate.Situated between the Sierra de los Filabres to the north and the Sierra de Alhamilla to the south-southeast, it is isolated from the humid winds of the Mediterranean Sea, in an area with little rainfall known as Levante.. Wild sheep (Ovis orientalis), camels, goats (Capra aegagrus)[5] and Persian leopards are common in mountainous areas. These belong to the Little Vehicle of the school of the Sarvastivadas. Most of the Colorado Desert lies at a relatively low elevation, below 1,000 feet Kucha was an important Buddhist center from Antiquity until the late Middle Ages. [9][10], Arid climate subtype in the Kppen climate classification system with very little precipitation, "BWh" redirects here. It is located primarily in southeastern California and southwestern Nevada, with small portions extending into Arizona and Kucha is well known as the home of the great fifth-century translator monk Kumrajva (344-413). Linguistically, they are speakers of multiple Western Desert languages. Largest desert in North America. Taklamakan Desert. Its the worlds second largest shifting-sand desert, with an incredibly harsh environment, but boasts of breathtaking beauty. Tehran, Iran.2005. [46] The coinage of Kucha includes the "Han Qiu bilingual Wu Zhu coin" (, hn qi r t w zh qin) which has a yet undeciphered text belonging to a language spoken in Kucha. The Farafra Oasis: Its Topography and Geology. Despite rainfall totals low enough to normally classify as a desert, polar deserts are distinguished from true deserts (BWh or BWk under the Kppen classification) by low annual temperatures and evapotranspiration.Most polar deserts are covered in ice sheets, ice fields, or The desert is part of the Tarim Basin, which is 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) long and 400 kilometres (250 mi) wide.It is crossed at its northern and at its southern edge by two branches of the Silk Road, by which travellers sought to avoid the arid wasteland. [7], On average for most of the area, there are about 2030 days where thunderstorms form. ) was a network of Eurasian trade routes active from the second century BCE until the mid-15th century. [35] For example, within the collection of the Guimet Museum, two Tang female musician figures represent the two prevailing traditions: one plays a Kuchean pipa and the other plays a Chinese jiegu (an Indian-style drum). He told the young man he would not grant permission unless the mason carved 1000 caves into the local hills. [citation needed]. The Silk Road started about the time of the Han Dynasty, when Emperor The caves claim origins from the royal family of ancient Kucha, specifically a local legend involving Princess Zaoerhan, the daughter of the King of Kucha. [17] Kucha became a part of the Western protectorate of the Chinese Han Dynasty, with China's control of the Silk Road facilitating the exchange of art and the propagation of Buddhism from Central Asia. The Sonoran Desert (Spanish: Desierto de Sonora) is a desert in North America and ecoregion that covers the northwestern Mexican states of Sonora, Baja California, and Baja California Sur, as well as part of the southwestern United States (in Arizona and California).It is the hottest desert in both Mexico and the United States. The Farafra depression (Arabic: , pronounced[elff]) is a 980km2 (380sqmi) geological depression, the second biggest by size in Western Egypt and the smallest by population, near latitude 27.06 north and longitude 27.97 east. According to the broadest definition, the Namib stretches for more than 2,000 kilometres (1,200 mi) along the Atlantic coasts of Angola, Namibia, and South Africa, extending southward from the Carunjamba River in Angola, through The Great Sandy Desert (GSD) is an interim Australian bioregion, located in the northeast of Western Australia straddling the Pilbara and southern Kimberley regions and extending east into the Northern Territory.It is the second largest desert in Australia after the Great Victoria Desert and encompasses an area of 284,993 square kilometres (110,036 sq mi). The Great Sandy Desert (GSD) is an interim Australian bioregion, located in the northeast of Western Australia straddling the Pilbara and southern Kimberley regions and extending east into the Northern Territory.It is the second largest desert in Australia after the Great Victoria Desert and encompasses an area of 284,993 square kilometres (110,036 sq mi). Many of these indigenous people were forcibly removed from their lands during the 20th century and relocated to settlements such as Papunya in the Northern Territory. The Libyan Desert (not to be confused with the Libyan Sahara) is a geographical region filling the north-eastern Sahara Desert, from eastern Libya to the Western Desert of Egypt and far northwestern Sudan. Kuqa town is the county seat of Aksu Prefecture's Kuqa County. Telfer is one of the largest gold mines in Australia. The desert encompasses Imperial County and includes parts of San Diego County, Riverside County, and a small part of San Bernardino County, California, United States.. The Alashan Plateau semi-desert lies to the east, and the Emin Valley steppe to the west, on the China-Kazakhstan border. However, there is usually some rainfall in winter, as well as the mountains that surround it, provide plenty of runoffenough to create vast seasonal lakes, marshlands and playas. The Tabernas Desert is defined mainly by a cold semi-arid climate and a cold desert climate.Situated between the Sierra de los Filabres to the north and the Sierra de Alhamilla to the south-southeast, it is isolated from the humid winds of the Mediterranean Sea, in an area with little rainfall known as Levante.. Safford and Benson in Arizona are located in low elevations of the western edges of the Chihuahuan Desert, but in an ecotone with the Sonoran Desert. On medieval maps, its use predates today's Sahara, and parts of the Libyan Desert include the Sahara's most arid and least populated regions; this is chiefly what sets the [3], Chinese names of Kucha ; ; ; ; ; ; and; have been romanized as Quxian, Quici, Chiu-tzu, Kiu-che, Kuei-tzu, Guizi, Juyi, Kucha, and Guzang. [3], Transcriptions of the name Kushan in Indic scripts from late antiquity include the spelling Gun, and are apparently reflected in at least one Khotanese-Tibetan transcription. Indigenous art is a huge industry in central Australia. Arctic and Antarctic regions also receive very little precipitation during the year, owing to the exceptionally cold dry air freezing most precipitation; however, both of them are generally classified as having polar climates because they have average summer temperatures below 10C (50F) even if they have such desert-like features as intermittent streams, hypersaline lakes, and extremely barren terrain in unglaciated areas such as the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica. Also known as the Taklimakan or Teklimakan, the Taklamakan Desert covers northwest China and is the second largest shifting sand desert with about 85 percent of its area characterized by shifting sand dunes. The language of Kucha, as evidenced by surviving manuscripts and inscriptions, was Kuie (Kushine) also known as Tocharian B or West Tocharian, an Indo-European language. ; Informativa sulla privacy A 2017 assessment found that 35,905km2 (13,863sqmi), or 7%, of the ecoregion is in protected areas. "Verffentlichungen des Frobenius-Instituts". Taklamakan Desert. Dasht-e Kavir (Persian: , lit. The extreme heat and many storms in Dasht-e Kavir cause extensive erosion, which makes it almost impossible to cultivate the lands. Gateway to Palm Springs, California as seen from above California State Route 62 in the Sonoran Desert, California. The desert is fairly young, existing for only 8000 years.[5]. It is a subregion of the larger Great Basin Desert , and noted for white evaporite Lake Bonneville salt deposits including the Bonneville Salt Flats . m k n], : : , : , : , : Taklamakan Desert It is bordered on the west by the Sonoran Desert, the Colorado Plateau, and the extensive Sierra Madre Occidental range, along with northwestern lowlands of the Sierra Madre Oriental range. Illustrated, reprint. [14], Media related to Great Sandy Desert at Wikimedia Commons, Coordinates: 20S 125E / 20S 125E / -20; 125, This article is about the desert in Australia. According to the broadest definition, the Namib stretches for more than 2,000 kilometres (1,200 mi) along the Atlantic coasts of Angola, Namibia, and South Africa, extending southward from the Carunjamba River in Angola, through Taklamakan Desert, China. Both languages became extinct before circa 1000 CE. On medieval maps, its use predates today's Sahara, and parts of the Libyan Desert include the Sahara's most arid and least populated regions; this is chiefly what sets the The world absolute heat records, over 50C (122F), are generally in the hot deserts, where the heat potential can be the highest on the planet. Questa pagina stata modificata per l'ultima volta il 16 feb 2021 alle 18:28. Am bekanntesten sind die Wste Gobi, die Taklamakan und der Great Basin. , romanized: Midbar Yehuda, both Desert of Judah or Judaean Desert; Arabic: , lit. There are several larger mountain ranges in the Chihuahan Desert, including the Sierra Madre, the Sierra del Carmen, the Organ Mountains, the Franklin Mountains, the Sacramento Mountains, the Chisos Mountains, the Guadalupe Mountains, and the Davis Mountains. The other species found with creosote bush depend on factors including the soil type, elevation, and degree of slope. Yucca, creosote, and mesquite typify the plants in the Chihuahuan Desert, Lechuguilla (Agave lechuguilla)one of the indicator plants of the Chihuahuan Desert. OF IRAN SHAHREKORD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION (IN PERSIAN), I.R. The Libyan Desert (not to be confused with the Libyan Sahara) is a geographical region filling the north-eastern Sahara Desert, from eastern Libya to the Western Desert of Egypt and far northwestern Sudan. Due to its geographical location and geological formation it has more than 100 wells spread out over the lands of the Farafra, many of which are natural. It is in the large Western Desert of Egypt, approximately midway between Dakhla and Bahariya oases. Kontinentale Binnenwsten und Regenschattenwsten werden von manchen Forschern als auertropische Wsten zusammengefasst. [16], In 124, Kucha formally submitted to the Chinese court, and by 127 China had conquered the whole of the Tarim Basin. Cold desert climates are typically located in temperate zones, usually in the leeward rain shadow of high mountains, which restricts precipitation from the westerly winds. The Great Sandy Desert contains large ergs, often consisting of longitudinal dunes. 'Low Plains' in classical Persian, from khwar (low), and dasht (plain, flatland)), also known as Kavir-e Namak (lit. Buddhism was introduced to Kucha before the end of the 1st century, however it was not until the 4th century that the kingdom became a major center of Buddhism,[43] primarily the Sarvastivada, but eventually also Mahayana Buddhism during the Uighur period. Am bekanntesten sind die Wste Gobi, die Taklamakan und der Great Basin. Early Spanish explorers reported encountering grasses that were "belly high to a horse"; most likely these were big alkali sacaton (Sporobolus wrightii) and tobosa (Pleuraphis mutica) along floodplain or bottomland areas. [11] The Kingdom of Kucha occupied a strategic position on the Northern Silk Road, which brought prosperity, and made Kucha a wealthy center of trade and culture. As a Central Asian metropolis, it was part of the Silk Road economy, and was in contact with the rest of Central Asia, including Sogdiana and Bactria, and thus also with the cultures of South Asia, Iran, and the coastal areas of China. The Great Basin Desert is part of the Great Basin between the Sierra Nevada and the Wasatch Range.The desert is a geographical region that largely overlaps the Great Basin shrub steppe defined by the World Wildlife Fund, and the Central Basin and Range ecoregion defined by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and United States Geological Survey.It is a temperate desert [20] Around 150 CE, Chinese power in the western territories receded, and the Tarim Basin and its city-states regained independence. Mines, most importantly the Telfer Gold Mine and Nifty Copper Mine, and cattle stations are found in the far west. Below is a massive list of desert words - that is, words related to desert. The Silk Road's eastern end is in present-day China, and its main western end is Antioch. [5] Climatically, the desert mostly has an arid, mesothermal climate with one rainy season in the late summer and smaller amounts of precipitation in early winter, the mean daily temperature of the coldest month warmer than 0C (32F). Parts of the town have complete quarters of traditional architecture, simple, smooth, unadorned, all in mud colour local culture and traditional methods of building and carrying out repairs have been supported by its tourism. At this time, Kuchanese monks began to travel to China. The desert climate or arid climate (in the Kppen climate classification BWh and BWk), is a dry climate sub-type in which there is a severe excess of evaporation over precipitation. OF IRAN METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION (IN PERSIAN), " 166 2010 + 37 2005", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dasht-e_Kavir&oldid=1116450679, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing additional references from September 2017, All articles needing additional references, Articles containing Persian-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2022, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 16 October 2022, at 16:54. The former area of Kucha now lies in present-day Aksu Prefecture, Xinjiang, China.
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